Resources for Teaching U. S. History
U. S. History Resources
Native Americans
WWW Virtual Library - Index of Native American History Resources on the Internet - Want to learn more about the Native Americans of a specific region? Webmaster Karen Strom provides links for information dealing with the eight Native American cultural regions discussed in Lesson 1. The site is part of a larger virtual library dealing with Native American topics, including culture, education, museums, and art.
Native Americans and the Environment - Hosted by the Center for Conservation and Biology at Rice University, this site offers extensive information dealing with past and current issues. The annotated links are divided by region and subject, offering an interesting extension of ideas developed in the lesson.
European Exploration and Settlement
Start with the Colonial National Historic Park. This National Park Service site offers some of the best information on the first English settlement in the Americas. The Jamestown Historic Briefs section should give you ideas and information for your stories, personal profile, and advertisements.
If you need additional information, consult Virtual Jamestown, a Virginia Center for Digital History project that contains primary source material, maps, and images.
Another helpful site is JamesQuest, produced by the Curry School of Education at the University of Virginia. This site has access to various resources dealing with Native Americans in Virginia, slavery, and religion in Jamestown.
The English Colonies in America
13 Originals - Founding the American Colonies - Created by Bill Murray for his Time Page, this site offers information and links to each of the 13 colonies, including historical and current information. Students can use this site to obtain additional information about their colonies. The maps, photos, graphics, and primary quotations found here can be used to jazz up their booths.
Life in the Colonies
Colonial Williamsburg's On-line History Explorer - Want to find out more about colonial life? The experts at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation have created an outstanding collection of materials for students and teachers. Students can meet colonial people, see some of the historic places in Williamsburg, and learn about all aspects of daily life in colonial America. 18th-century clothing is also detailed on this site.
A Colonial Family and Community - Meet the Daggets, a Connecticut family from the 18th century! The Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village provide this entertaining site where students can investigate the daily life of a New England family. Students become historical detectives as they examine primary and secondary sources, listen to audio segments, and view reenactments of colonial life.
HYPERLINK http://www.history.org/history/teaching/order/order_home.html Order in the Court - Interested in Colonial justice? Check out this site from Colonial Williamsburg, in which you serve as a justice for three different cases. Listen to the evidence and make your decision. As the site says, "Your opinion in each case is crucial"!
Toward Independence
LIBERTY! The American Revolution - This companion site to the PBS documentary offers a variety of links, including connections to biographies of key figures in the American Revolution. Biographies can also be found under the related topics in the Chronicle of the Revolution section.
Biographies - From Revolution to Reconstruction - This history project from the Arts Faculty at the University of Groningen is mostly college-level text, but it contains a wealth of information on figures from the American Revolution.
A Journey Towards Freedom - The American Revolution is the central topic of this ThinkQuest website. The Infopedia contains biographies of many of the major individuals of the era.
ution/loyalty.html" Loyalty or Liberty? - Imagine being a Loyalist slave in the colony of Virginia in 1775. Your master has sent you on some errands and instructed you to keep your eyes and ears open for information that will help the British. Will you change your allegiance once you have uncovered secrets from both sides? Colonial Williamsburg offers this exciting on-line adventure. Which side will you choose?
The Declaration of Independence
reedom/declaration/declaration.html" The Declaration of Independence - For information on this landmark document, why not start at its home, the National Archives? This text-based site, part of the Charters of Freedom site from the National Archives and Records Administration, has a transcription of the Declaration, images of the actual document, and links related its drafting and signing.
The Declaration of Independence - Drafting the Documents - The Library of Congress has this on-line exhibit that details the chronology of the writing of the declaration, along with a brief summary of the work of the Declaration Committee. The exhibit also contains historical images, including two of Thomas Jefferson's rough drafts.
Founding .com - A User's Guide to the Declaration of Independence - This outstanding site, developed by the Claremont Institute, contains a wealth of information concerning the Declaration. The site contains a general guide to the fundamental ideas of the document, a timeline of the creation and signing of the Declaration, biographies of many of the people involved in its development, and an excellent transcription and explanation of the text itself, which is a useful tool for Lesson 6. The site also has information on current issues related to equality and freedom, including a few "hot topics" to stimulate discussion.
The American Revolution
ution.org/index.htm" The American Revolution - At theamericanrevolution.org, students can use the "Battles" section for information, images, and links regarding the military conflicts of the Revolution. Even the weather of the battle is provided! Additional features of the site include biographies, historical documents, and a timeline of the events before, during, and after the revolution.
Major Events of the Revolutionary War - MultiEducator, a multimedia history software company, provides this site with information and images concerning the major battles of the Revolution.
Battlefield Vacations - This commercial site has some excellent information regarding the major campaigns and battles of the American Revolution. Use the menu on the left to select specific battles. Maps and images enhance the discussion of each military encounter.
EMS/RevWar/AmRevolution.htm" The American Revolutionary War - A teacher in the Rockingham County Public School District in Virginia created this site. It is set up as a timeline, with a variety of links giving additional detail on the major events of the Revolution.
American Defenders of Land, Sea & Sky - This National Park Service exhibit focuses on all the military conflicts in American history, and this section is devoted to the American Revolution. Navigate through the chronological discussion of the major events of the Revolution.
Creating the Constitution
The Constitution of the United States - The National Archives and Records Administration provides this must-see site for all delegates. Students can read brief biographies of their delegates as well as those of other delegates from their state. The site also offers an excellent overview of the Convention and ratification process, as well as interesting "tidbits" of information about the document itself. Images of the document are also provided.
FindLaw - Constitutional Law Center - FindLaw has a section of their site devoted to the founding fathers. Students can learn more about the background of their roles at this easy-to-use site.
The Debates in the Federal Convention of 1787- Compare your class discussions and compromises with the actual deliberations of the founding fathers! Thanks to Mr. Madison (and the Internet), students can check out the transcripts of the actual Constitutional Convention at this site hosted by the Constitution Society.
The Bill of Rights
The Oyez Project - The U.S. Supreme Court is now called to order! Northwestern University provides users with an interactive guide to the Supreme Court. Students can search court opinions by subject, and locate recent opinions on free speech, criminal rights, and other issues related to the Bill of Rights. Some Justices' opinions are presented on audio files. A virtual tour of the Supreme Court is also available.
FindLaw - Constitutional Law Center - FindLaw's site allows users to investigate up-to-date decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court. The Supreme Court Center provides a Court docket, an index of recent Court decisions, Court briefs, and the rules of the Court. The history and landmark decisions of the nation's highest court are also available.
Politics in the Early Republic
Hal Bidlack as Alexander Hamilton - Bidlack's Hamilton site offers a chronology of Hamilton's life and a collection of essential quotations. Both have links to other relevant sites. While the site was designed primarily to promote the scholar's service as a re-enactor, it contains excellent information and links.
The Internet is full of sites devoted to Thomas Jefferson. One of the best is Jefferson from PBS. A companion to the Ken Burns documentary, this site contains student activities concerning the spirit of the Enlightenment, interviews with Jeffersonian scholars, many of Jefferson's important writings, and an intriguing photo essay on the "Pursuit of Happiness."
Monticello - The Home of Thomas Jefferson - The official website of Jefferson's historic home contains a variety of information concerning the life and times of the third president. The "Jefferson" section has a biography, quotations from Jefferson, and an opportunity to "walk in his shoes."
Thomas Jefferson - The Library of Congress currently has an exhibition covering all aspects of Jefferson's public and private life. The site includes images and transcriptions of many of Jefferson's writings, as well as information about Jefferson's life at Monticello, his interest in the West, and his influence on revolutionary thought around the world.
For additional biographical information on Alexander Hamilton, consult ERLINK "http://www.archives.gov/" The Constitution of the United States from the National Archives or any on-line encyclopedia.
Foreign Affairs in the Early Republic
The Avalon Project - Yale University's Law School has compiled countless primary documents dealing with American history, law, and diplomacy. Students can examine Washington's Farewell Address, le.edu/lawweb/avalon/diplomacy/barbary/barmenu.htm" the Barbary Treaties, the U.S. declaration of war in 1812, tm" the Treaty of Ghent, and the Monroe Doctrine, as well as many other documents from the turn of the 19th century.
The War of 1812 - This site is based on a four-part documentary movie from Galafilm. It has an overview of the war, information on major individuals, events, and locations, and an image gallery. Try your hand at the on-line quiz - it's challenging!
ary.thinkquest.org/22916/exmain.html" Reliving History - The War of 1812 - A ThinkQuest team created this interactive site about the "Second War for American Independence." The site provides an excellent overview of the war, offers an on-line quiz and atlas, and has a forum for discussion about the conflict.
The White House - The web home of our chief executive has biographical information on each of the first six presidents, which may prove helpful in the creation of epitaphs for the Processing assignment. Some additional links at the end of the biographies are also useful.
The Worlds of North and South
The Valley of the Shadow - This fascinating site from the University of Virginia chronicles two communities on opposite sides of the Mason-Dixon Line before and after the Civil War. In the Eve of War section, students can examine a variety of primary source materials to understand the life and times of the residents of Augusta Country, Virginia, and Franklin County, Pennsylvania, in antebellum America. The lesson plan section offers some excellent activities that compare and contrast the North and the South prior to the Civil War.
Antebellum American History 1812-1864 - The University of Colorado at Colorado Springs has developed this collection of links dealing with the first half of the 19th century. Many general resources are identified, and the site includes subtopics on the Industrial Revolution, Government, Religion, and Abolition and Slavery.
Manifest Destiny and the Growing Nation
The Louisiana Purchase - The National Archives has the text of the three agreements completing the purchase of the Louisiana Territory in 1803, as well as images of the actual treaty. Look for Napoleon's signature!
Annexation - Celebrating 150 Years of Texas Statehood - The Texas Humanities Center organized this on-line exhibit based on actual artifacts and exhibits at the Capitol Center in Austin. The site contains various images from the annexation period and can be navigated either through a text outline or through a gallery of images. A few learning activities are also available, including one relating to images of the Alamo.
The U.S.-Mexican War - PBS created this site as a companion to their documentary on the war between the United States and Mexico. Dialogues are presented from different perspectives and include a great deal of information on Manifest Destiny. Students can also respond to the dialogues in an on-line discussion area.
The Avalon Project at the Yale Law School provides a variety of primary resource documents relating to Manifest Destiny, including the purchase of Florida, the agreement on the /avalon/diplomacy/britian/br-1846.htm" Oregon Country, and the Gadsden Purchase Treaty.
Life in the West
PBS Online - Lewis and Clark - PBS provides the definitive site for the Corps of Discovery. Produced in conjunction with the Ken Burns documentary, this site gives students excellent information on the members of the Corps, the Native American groups they encountered, and the overall legacy of the expedition. All of the journals of Lewis and Clark are accessible, and students can also take an interactive journey as the head of the expedition.
Five Views - A History of Mexican Americans in California - This website from the California Department of Parks and Recreation is a text-based site detailing the role of Mexicans in the settlement and growth of California.
Whitman Mission National Historic Site - This expanded web site from the National Park Service provides a wealth of information about the missionaries' fateful journey to the West. Students will gain in-depth information from the historic resources on the site, including biographies, primary and secondary accounts of the massacre, and photos of the site.
American Mountain Men - Produced by members of the American Mountain Men organization, as well as volunteers, this site is devoted to the legacy of the western fur trading industry and the mountain men. Primary sources abound in the Library and Archive sections, and students can get a feel for the men through the journals, images, and museum pieces.
"http://gcclearn.gcc.cc.va.us/adams/pw-home.htm" A "Dialogue" Among Pioneer Women on the Western Frontier - Professor Julie Adams of Germanna Community College created this site. The "dialogue" is actually a series of primary source documents from 28 pioneer women who traveled to the West in the 19th century. Most of the entries deal with encounters with Native Americans. Images and a bibliography are included on a separate page.
Mormon Trail Reenactment - Heritage Gateway - This site was produced by UtahLINK as part of the 150th anniversary commemoration of the Mormon Trail. The site is a mix of old and new, as primary sources from the 19th century are interspersed with re-enactors' accounts of their journey in 1997. By clicking on the K-12 education project link, a complete table of contents will provide further guidance.
Gold Rush! - The Oakland Museum of California has created a gold mine of a web site regarding the forty-niners and the California Gold Rush. The Gold Fever section contains an on-line tour of the museum exhibit, complete with the life and times of the miners. Students can experience the Gold Rush in an interactive display, view some of the art of the time period, and test their knowledge with a Gold Rush quiz.
The Gold Rush - This PBS site is a “comprehensive guide to the epic quest for gold." The site contains an overview of the PBS documentary of the same name, information about different aspects of life during the Gold Rush, and activities and resources for teachers.
Five Views: A History of Chinese Americans in California - Part of a larger site on cultural diversity in California, this site focuses on the early decades of Chinese Americans in California. Produced by the California Department of Parks and Recreation and written by Nancy Wey, Ph.D., the text covers the factors leading to Chinese immigration, the lifestyle of Chinese immigrants, and the opposition many Chinese faced as they settled in the West.
Mexican Contributions to the Southwest
eb/" The West Web - Created by Catherine Lavender of the History Department at CUNY Staten Island, this site is devoted to all topics concerning the American West. The Tierra Nuestro section contains links to information about Chicanos. Students can visit sites that present primary and secondary texts, biographical resources, and images.
Primary Sources by and about Mexicanos and Californios - This site from the Oakland Museum of California offers primary source materials and digital images of Mexicanos and Californios on the eve of the Gold Rush. The materials are part of a larger curriculum focusing on the California Gold Rush.
Era of Reform
Women's Rights National Historical Park - The National Park Service provides this informative site that commemorates women's struggle for equality. The Seneca Falls Convention and the leading figures of the Women's Rights movement are profiled, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Lucretia Mott. There is also a section on related events, linking the women's movement to the abolition and temperance movements.
Not For Ourselves Alone - PBS has produced an outstanding website as a companion to Ken Burns' documentary on Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. The site contains a timeline-based history of the Women's Rights movement from the American Revolution to the 19th Amendment, complete with primary sources and images of the times. Students may be interested in visiting the Where Are We Now? section, where the current status of women is discussed (including an on-line dialogue).
Americans of African Descent at Mid-century
PBS's Africans in America website: The Terrible Transformation (1450-1750), Revolution (1750-1805), Brotherly Love (1791-1831), and Judgment Day (1831-1865). Each of the four sections contains a historical narrative of the period and a bank of primary resources, documents, and images.
A Dividing Nation
Old Courthouse: Dred Scott Decision - The site for the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial has an excellent page on the Dred Scott decision, which took place in the Old Courthouse in St. Louis, Missouri. The page gives some background on slavery in Missouri, provides an overview of the case, and even includes some audio clips featuring Harriet Scott, Dred's wife.
The Underground Railroad - National Geographic Online provides this beautiful site concerning the Underground Railroad. Students can role-play a slave running for freedom, making choices at various stops along the journey. The site includes a multitude of images, some lesson ideas, biographical sketches of major individuals, and a forum for discussion about the Underground Railroad.
Uncle Tom's Cabin and American Culture - One of the most important novels of the 19th century is dissected in this site from the English Department of the University of Virginia. The site includes text, a key to the work, illustrations, contemporary responses to the work, and related cultural artifacts.
John Brown's Holy War - The companion to the American Experience documentary on John Brown, this site gives an excellent overview of the fervent abolitionist. Images, maps, biographies, primary source documents, and a transcript of the documentary provide additional information. Students can also take a virtual tour of John Brown's hideout in Harpers Ferry.
The Civil War
Manassas - The official website of the Manassas battlefield contains information about both battles of Bull Run, including a virtual tour. The site also has teacher resources and an on-line student activity booklet.
Anietam National Battlefield - This National Park Service website offers everything you need to know about the bloody battle of Antietam. The phases of the battle are described in detail, battlefield images are available, and additional "special subjects" are covered.
Gettysburg National Military Park - The website of this turning point of the Civil War contains a plethora of information about the battle itself, the National Cemetery, and soldier life. The site also contains one of the best on-line museum exhibits about o "The Civil War Soldier" soldier life during the war.
Vicksburg National Military Park - The Union siege of Vicksburg is chronicled in this site. A narrative history is available, along with additional detail on the commanders and troops. Take the on-line tour!
54th Massachusetts, Company B - This website is produced by Civil War re-enactors devoted to the Massachusetts 54th regiment. A short history of the regiment is offered, along with links to other related sites.
Appomattox Court House National Historical Park - Want to read more on Lee's surrender to Grant? This NPS website has detailed information on the Appomattox Campaign, the McLean House, and the actual surrender.
The History Place - The U.S. Civil War - The History Place offers a timeline of the war with links and images of all major events.
K "http://www.cwc.lsu.edu/cwc/civlink.htm" The U.S. Civil War Center - Louisiana State University has the most comprehensive Civil War site available on the Internet. Use the index of information available on the Internet to find what you are looking for.
The Reconstruction Era
Civil War and Reconstruction, 1861-1877 - This section of the Library of Congress American Memory site provides excellent documents relating to the Reconstruction Era. Students can read primary sources pertaining to freedmen, the rebuilding of the South, and the problems of Reconstruction.
Finding Precedent: The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson - Interested in learning about the first president to be impeached? Harper's Weekly has created an outstanding site full of the headlines and news of the trial of Andrew Johnson. Subtopics include the key issues of impeachment, impeachment arguments, biographies of the major participants, and Johnson's presidency. An impeachment simulation is also available for student or classroom use.
The Freedmen's Bureau Online - This site was created to assist in African American genealogy, but it also holds primary source documents related to the Freedmen's Bureau.
Tensions in the West
Official Nez Perce Tribal Homepage - For a look at the current status of the Nez Perce, visit their official homepage. The site details the current organization of the tribe, including programs and departments dedicated to improving the lives of the Nez Perce. A section on Nez Perce history is included, with links to the Nez Perce National Historic Site and Chief Joseph photos.
New Perspectives on the West - PBS provides an outstanding site concerning the American West, including primary source material, maps, and images. Created as a companion to the documentary series The West, this site details the growth of railroads, the cattle kingdom, homesteading, and the conflict between Native Americans and white settlers in the West.
The Rise of Industry
re/" The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire - This site is a fine collection of assorted material concerning the 1911 disaster. Published by the Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation at Cornell University, the site provides students with primary and secondary resource material regarding the fire, as well as editorial cartoons regarding the ILGWU and organized labor. Three audio interviews with survivors of the fire are also included.
Labor History - Students interested in more detail concerning the labor movement can consult this site created by teacher Paul Hewitt. A variety of links regarding labor are available, as well as a Labor History Webquest, in which students can follow a guided Internet tour to learn about unions in the United States.
The Great Wave of Immigration
Ellis Island - This outstanding site from The History Channel re-enacts the immigration process. Students use an on-line tour of the processing center to relive immigration, with audio and video segments to add to the experience. Students choose a place of origin and follow their fate.
Ellis Island - This is the home page for the museum on Ellis Island, which offers general information about the famous immigrant processing center. Students can search the Wall of Honor for relatives or see basic information about the museum.
.com/" Study Ellis Island - This commercial site provides links to sites containing media and images about immigration.
Ellis Island - Through America's Gateway - Created by the International Channel, this site provides a great deal of information about the journey of immigrants and their processing, including a cookbook and a variety of sound files of actual immigrants. Headphones or speakers are a must!
.org/" Lower East Side Tenement Museum - Created by the Lower East Side Tenement Museum, this site contains a brief history of immigration, information about living conditions in the tenements of New York City, and a photo gallery.
w.nmajh.org/exhibitions/caj/index.htm" Creating American Jews - From the National Museum of American Jewish History, this site contains a brief section on Jewish immigration to the United States.
Chinese Immigration
em/ndlpedu/features/timeline/riseind/chinimms/chinimms.html" Chinese Immigration to the United States - This site from the Library of Congress provides some primary source material about Chinese immigration to the United States and the reactions these immigrants met here.
Angel Island, Immigrant Journeys from Chinese Americans - This is a private site that contains some oral history concerning the experience of Chinese immigrants at the Angel Island Immigration Station in San Francisco Bay.
Angel Island, The Pacific Gateway - Created by the Angel Island Immigration Station Foundation, this site covers a few topics concerning Chinese immigration, including the interrogation of immigrants detained on the island and poetry written by them.
Mexican Immigration
Cinco de Mayo - World Book offers this site as a celebration of Mexican heritage. In the “Hispanic Americans” section, an overview of Mexican immigration to the United States is available. The text-based site is divided into subtopics, including immigration in the early 1900s.
/projects/border/page03.html" History of the Mexican Revolution 1910-1920 - This site from the University of California at San Diego contains a brief discussion of the Mexican Revolution, the effect it had on Mexican immigration to the United States, and the resulting U.S. restrictions placed on immigrants.
The Progressive Era
Andrew Carnegie - The Richest Man in the World - This website serves as a companion to PBS's American Experience documentary about the steel magnate. Students can "Meet Andrew Carnegie" and learn about his background, his philanthropy, and the growth of the steel business. The homes of many millionaires of the Progressive Era are also featured.
pbs.org/wgbh/amex/rockefellers/index.html" The Rockefellers - The famous New York family is the subject of this PBS website based on the American Experience documentary. The site contains a wealth of information about the Standard Oil tycoon, including a biography and a fictional conversation between Rockefeller and Ida Tarbell. Students can also play an on-line "Corner the Market" game by trying to buy all of their rivals' refineries. A transcript of the documentary and maps detailing Rockefeller philanthropies are also accessible.
Theodore Roosevelt Association - The TRA was chartered to provide "authoritative information on the life and ideals of Theodore Roosevelt," and their website doesn't disappoint. Students can navigate the site easily to get additional information on TR, use a quotation or two from the 26th president, and examine additional resources. Links are provided to other Roosevelt sites, including some with audio and video.
Robert M. Lafollette and the Wisconsin Idea - For more information on the Progressive Wisconsin governor and presidential candidate, consult the biographical sketch from the Wisconsin Electronic Reader or the Portrait of the Progressive site from the Progressive Magazine website. Spartacus Encyclopedia also has a short biography of Lafollette with a few primary source materials. For additional information on the reform plan, students should check out the Wisconsin Idea website from the Wisconsin Electronic Library.
Mother Jones: The Miners' Angel - This site is a page from the Kent College of Law website on U.S. labor history. The text site contains a fairly comprehensive overview of Mother Jones' life and achievements, and a few images are also accessible.
John Muir Exhibit - The Sierra Club's John Muir Exhibit is an amazing collection of virtually everything about the great naturalist. The site has an assortment of Muir's writings, a selection of biographical resources, and information relating to a variety of additional topics regarding Muir.
ookView" Conversations with Alice Paul - Alice Paul recalls her life and contributions to women's rights in this section of the Suffragists Oral History project from the University of California, Berkeley. Paul provides personal insight into the push for women's suffrage at the turn of the century, as well as some reflection on the controversy over the Equal Rights Amendment of the 1960s and 1970s. The information is presented at a high level. For a more general narrative of Paul's push for suffrage, check out Alice Paul's Fight for Suffrage from PBS.
The W.E.B. Du Bois Virtual University - This private site was created to "serve as a clearinghouse for information on Du Bois and spur intelligent scholarship and discussion of his life, legacy, and works." A selection of biographical sketches is available, as are links to other resources and writings dealing with Du Bois. For a more general biography of Du Bios, try PBS's I Hear America Singing.
Upton Sinclair - This biography from Spartacus Encyclopedia is one of the best available of the famous muckraker. A variety of links are embedded within the text, allowing students to learn more about the life and times of Sinclair. There is also a generous list of quotations.
America Becomes A World Power
Spanish-American War
The Age of Imperialism - This site from Small Planet covers many of the issues raised as America grew into a world power. Central to the site is the section on the Spanish-American War, which contains information and links related to the Maine, the war itself, and the results of the conflict.
Crucible of Empire: The Spanish-American War - This PBS site is the companion to the documentary of the same name. The site includes a general history of the war, a timeline, details on yellow journalism, recent scholarship on the conflict, and links to other sites.
Spanish-American War Centennial Website - This informative site was created by private individuals and contains various subtopics concerning the conflict. Firsthand accounts are available, as is information from the many fronts of the war. Parts of the site may still be under construction.
World War I
Doughboy Center - Produced by the Great War Society, this site contains all sorts of information about the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF). The site has subtopics covering the history and operations of the AEF, actual members of the forces, and the experiences of a doughboy.
The First World War - This site is part of the Spartacus Internet Encyclopedia and contains a great deal of information about the American war effort. Check out the Spartacus site on trench war for extensive-and fascinating-information on the horrifying conditions that soldiers faced.
K "http://www.worldwar1.com/" Trenches on the Web - This is one of the best sites online for World War I history, and the most popular among search engines. According to the author, "these pages contain information on the people, places, and events that comprised one of the worst calamities of modern history."
The Roaring Twenties and The Great Depression
The 1920s Experience - This private site contains information concerning a variety of topics in the 1920s. Students can investigate important people, major events, the arts, inventions, and fads and fashions.
The American Experience from PBS has two excellent sites that support their programming concerning the Great Depression. bs.org/wgbh/amex/rails/" Riding the Rails takes a look at teenagers who traveled the country on railroads looking for work, and Surviving the Dustbowl covers the hardships of Midwesterners during the dust storms of the 1930s. Each site contains a transcript of the film, special features, maps, a timeline, and a teacher's guide.
For more visual information concerning the Depression era, the Library of Congress has an excellent picture collection from the Farm Security Administration and the Office of War Information. The Franklin D. Roosevelt Library & Museum also has a fine archive of photos concerning the Depression and the New Deal.
The New Deal Network - You just can't beat this site for information on FDR's New Deal. Created by the Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, the site contains images, articles, primary resources, and links to almost anything a student needs concerning the New Deal. The site also has a nice collection of classroom resources, including lesson plans and student work.
World War II
Soldiers
Guts and Glory - This PBS site is a companion to the two documentary films about D-day and the Battle of the Bulge. The site includes a transcript of the shows, first-hand accounts, and a bibliography with additional links.
Government
Mobilization on the Homefront - This resource from the University of California at San Diego contains brief information on many of the government agencies during the war, including images and posters detailing the functions of each.
The Columbia Encyclopedia Online from Bartleby's has some general information on the Office of Price Administration, the Office of War Information, and the War Production Board.
Consumers
One of the best methods of learning about consumers on the home front is through the examination of propaganda posters. The National Museum of American History has Produce for Victory online, giving an overview of the purpose and impact of the posters. The National Archives has an on-line exhibit called Powers of Persuasion that discusses the techniques used on the posters. For a complete gallery of the propaganda posters, check out Northwestern University's World War II Poster Collection.
World War II - The Home Front - This ThinkQuest is an on-line museum dedicated to the home front during the war. Students can look at artifacts influencing consumers, simulate the lives of families, and view a timeline of the war.
Japanese Americans
World War II - Japanese American Internment -TrackStar has multiple study tracks concerning Japanese American internment during the war. Check out The Implementation and Consequences of the Japanese Internment Camps, Japanese-American Internment During WWII, and php3?track_id=96542&nocache=1282494612" The Japanese-American Internment Experience for information and activities.
Japanese Internment Camp - This private site contains a wealth of information regarding the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. Students can read the memories of people who lived in the camps, examine the text of an internment poster or data concerning the camps, and view pictures from the on-line gallery.
ERLINK "http://www.pbs.org/childofcamp/" Children of the Camps - Children comprised half of the Japanese Americans interred in camps during World War II. This PBS site provides an overview of the documentary of the same name, including historical documents, a timeline, lists of interment camps, and related web links.
Mexican Americans
Five Views: A History of Mexican Americans in California - This is one page of a larger site devoted to Mexican American history in California. The text-based page discusses the impact of World War II on Mexican Americans, both abroad and on the home front.
U.S. Latinos and Latinas in World War II - This site from the Department of Journalism at the University of Texas at Austin is dedicated to publicizing the stories of Hispanic men and women during the World War II era. Students should find some excellent first-hand information in the narratives section, along with a few summaries of general Hispanic contributions.
African Americans
Lest We Forget - African Americans in World War II - This private site has a plethora of information about the African American experience during World War II. Subtopics include the war in Europe, the war in the Pacific, and the homefront. Links to current veterans' groups are also provided.
World War II, Segregation Abroad and at Home - This site from the Library of Congress is part of the African American Journey. It briefly discusses a few topics detailing the challenges African Americans faced in and out of the armed forces during the war.
African-Americans in Army History - From the U.S. Army Center for Military History, this site contains some images and a few tidbits of information about the role of African Americans in World War II.
Women
l" What Did You Do in the War, Grandma? - An oral history project from an honors English class in Rhode Island, this site details the important contributions women made to the war effort.
The Women's Army Corps - The Center for Military History provides this text-based site. The WAACs are the central subject, and the text discusses the recruitment, training, and service of women in World War II.
irls/" Fly Girls - The companion site to the American Experience documentary, this site focuses on the WASPs and the B-29 in World War II. The site includes transcripts of the show, primary source material, images, a timeline, and interviews with people featured in the film.
Rosie the Riveter - This is the official site for the upcoming Rosie the Riveter Memorial Park in Richmond, Virginia. The site contains some "wartime memories" as well as links to other sites about women working during the war.
American Jews
Jewish Heroes and Heroines in America - Florida Atlantic University hosts this site dedicated to Jewish heroes and heroines of the past 60 years, including World War II. Subtopics cover the general impact of Jews in the U.S. Armed Forces, as well as specific individuals from the war. Popular individuals from outside of the armed forces are also discussed.
olocaust/" America and the Holocaust - This site examines America's response to the Holocaust during World War II. A companion to a PBS documentary, the site contains a timeline covering America's reaction to the tragedy in Europe, as well as interviews and letters from Kurt Klein, a Jew in the United States whose parents were deported to Auschwitz.
The Cold War
Cold War from CNN - For Cold War information, there is no better place to start than this outstanding site from Cable News Network. A companion to the 24-episode documentary series, the site contains an overview of each episode, a bank of terms, individuals, and maps, and a forum for memories and comments about the Cold War. The Cold War experience is detailed as well, with discussions of the bomb, technology, and culture. An educator's guide is also available online.
Cold War International History Project - If your students need primary source documents pertaining to the Cold War, search no further than the CWIHP, created by the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. The Document Archive is easy to navigate and is loaded with a variety of primary and secondary resources pertaining to the Cold War.
The Civil Rights Movement
Cold War from CNN - For Cold War information, there is no better place to start than this outstanding site from Cable News Network. A companion to the 24-episode documentary series, the site contains an overview of each episode, a bank of terms, individuals, and maps, and a forum for memories and comments about the Cold War. The Cold War experience is detailed as well, with discussions of the bomb, technology, and culture. An educator's guide is also available online.
Cold War International History Project - If your students need primary source documents pertaining to the Cold War, search no further than the CWIHP, created by the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. The Document Archive is easy to navigate and is loaded with a variety of primary and secondary resources pertaining to the Cold War.
Contemporary American Society
The People's Century - PBS developed this site as a companion to their documentary series that covers major issues of the 20th century. Twelve of the episodes deal with the past 50 years, and each episode has links with an overview, oral histories, and other websites dealing with the major events discussed in the program.
American Cultural History: The Twentieth Century - A group of dedicated reference librarians from the North Harris Montgomery Community College District created this site. The popular culture of each decade of the 20th century is described on separate pages, with subtopics on historical events, music, theater and film, television, and sports. Hundreds of links are included on each page, covering everything from the hula hoop to the Rubik's Cube.
The TIME 100 - This website from TIME Magazine is dedicated to TIME's 100 most influential people of the century. Individuals are divided into six categories-Leaders and Revolutionaries, Artists and Entertainers, Builders and Titans, Scientists and Thinkers, Heroes and Icons, and Person of the Century (Albert Einstein). Each individual has a brief biography and a few links to additional information at other sites.
General Internet Resources
Search Engines
Most people incorrectly believe that search engines and directories are the same. A search engine uses a program that searches documents (i.e. web pages, which are mostly HTML documents) for specified keywords and returns the list of documents. A search engine has two parts, a spider and an indexer. The spider is the program that fetches the documents, and the indexer reads the documents and creates a catalog or database based on the words or ideas contained in each document.
A directory (such as Yahoo, commonly mistaken for a search engine) depends on people for listings. The main difference between a search engine and a directory is that a directory does not make use of a spider or robot. In other words, a directory will not list your web page if you do not register it with them. Directories are usually divided into categories and you must submit your URL under the most appropriate categories.
Internet Search Tools for Teachers
http://lii.org/ Librarians Index to the Internet. Resources useful to public library users,
evaluated & annotated by librarians. 6,000+ in database.
UC librarians. 15,000+ in database.
http://britannica.com/ Britannica.com. Full-text of Encyclopedia Britannica (72,000+articles) Rated and annotated Web sites and full-text articles from 70+ magazines.
125,000+ in database.
query at the Mamma.com website, Mamma simultaneously queries 10 of the major
Search Engines and properly formats the words and syntax for each source being probed.
Mamma then creates a virtual database, organizes the results into a uniform format and
presents them by relevance and source.
Lycos, Yahoo, Thunderstone, WebCrawler, LookSmart, and About.com.
3 at a time.
http://www.aj.com Ask Jeeves. Answers to 7 million questions from evaluated sites and
searches Alta Vista, Infoseek, WebCrawler, Excite, and About.com. Also Ask Jeeves for
http://www.yahoo.com Yahoo. Topic & region specific submitted Web pages.
Yahooligans for kids. 2 million+ in database.
http://www.google.com Google. Full text of Web pages (150 million).
5,400 print resources (fee based).
RealNames corporate, product finder.
databases: Autoweb, CareerBuilder, Stockpoint, Big Yellow.
Hoover?s Online companies, and Deja.com usenet.
million+ files) and Mp3 Search (500,000+ CD-quality music files).
The Alabama Stock Market Simulation
Contains copies of important historical documents such as the Magna Carta, the Articles of Confederation, Charter of Massachusettes Bay (1649), and many more. If you want to give your students a copy of the original wording of almost any famous historical document, this is the place to get it.
An absolutely awesome resource for K-12 teachers. Covers all subject areas and all grade levels with lesson plans galore. Many printable images (for example, penguins).
Maps that Teach
By using the full range of free maps in Maps that Teach—countries, capitals, monuments, mountain ranges, rivers--students will gain a permanent mental map of the US and of the world. They will have the basis of a life-long knowledge of geography, and a beginning to all the knowledge for which geography is the basis. http://www.yourchildlearns.com/geography.htm
Congressional Observer Publications
1750 Sulphur Springs Road
Corvallis, OR 97330-9347
541-745-7110
An electronic publication that provides information on ALL votes that occur in the U. S. House and Senate. An outstanding social studies resource for schools, teachers, and students.
General Education
American Educational Research Association (AERA)
1230 Seventeenth St., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036-3078 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/223-9485
FAX: 202/775-1824
American Federation of Teachers (AFT)
555 New Jersey Ave, NW
Washington, DC 20001 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/879-4400
Toll-free telephone: 800/238-1133
FAX: 202/879-4545
National Education Association (NEA)
1201 16th Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20036 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/833-4000
E-mail: naea@dgs.dgsys.com
U.S. Department of Education
600 Independence Avenue, SW
Washington, DC 20202-0498 U.S.A.
Toll-free telephone: 1-800-USA-LEARN
E-mail: CustomerService@inet.ed.gov
National Center for Educational Statistics (NCES) U.S. Department of Education
OERI/NCES
555 New Jersey Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20208-5574 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/219-1828
National Library of Education
80 F Street, NW
Washington, D.C. 20209-5721 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/219-1692
Toll-free telephone: 800/424-1616
FAX: 202/219-1696
E-mail: Library@inet.ed.gov
Regional Educational Laboratory Network
General Social Studies
National Council for the Social Studies
3501 Newark St., NW
Washington, D.C. 20016-3167 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/966-7840
FAX: 202/966-2061
E-mail: ncss@ncss.org
National Social Studies Supervisors Association
College and University Faculty Assembly (CUFA)
Council of State Social Studies Specialists (CS4)
Social Science Education Consortium
Box 21270
Boulder, Colorado 80308-4270 U.S.A.
Telephone: 303/492-8154
FAX: 303/449-3925
E-mail: singletl@stripe.colorado.edu
Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR)
P.O. Box 1248
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106-1248 U.S.A.
Telephone: 313/764-2570
FAX: 313/764-8041
E-mail: netmail@icpsr.umich.edu
Archaeology
Society for American Archaeology (SAA)
900 Second Street NE #12
Washington, D.C. 20002-3557
Telephone: 202/789-8200
FAX: 202/789-0284
E-mail: headquarters@saa.org
Art
National Art Education Association (NAEA)
1916 Association Dr.
Reston, Virginia 20191-1590 U.S.A.
Telephone: 703/860-8000
Americans for the Arts
1000 Vermont Avenue NW
12th Floor
Washington, D.C. 20005 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/371-2830
FAX: 202/371-0424
E-mail: webmaster@artsusa.org
OR
One East 53rd Street
New York, New York 10022 U.S.A.
Telephone: 212/223-2787
FAX: 212/980-4857
Getty Education Institute for the Arts
1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 600
Los Angeles, California 90049-1683 U.S.A.
Telephone: 310/440-7315
FAX: 310/440-7704
E-mail: artsednet@getty.edu
Civic Education
Ackerman Center for Democratic Citizenship
4115 Liberal Arts Building
Purdue University
West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1442 U.S.A.
Telephone: 765/494-4755
FAX: 765/496-2210
E-mail: lrnelson@omni.cc.purdue.edu
American Bar Association
Division for Public Education
541 N. Fairbanks Court
Chicago, Illinois 60611 U.S.A.
Telephone: 312/988-5735
E-mail: abapubed@abanet.org
Center for Civic Education
5146 Douglas Fir Road
Calabasas, California 91302-1467 U.S.A.
Telephone: 818/591-9321
FAX: 818/591-9330
E-mail: center4civ@aol.com
AND
1785 Massachusets Avenue, NW
Room 325
Washington, D.C. 20036-2117 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/265-0529
FAX: 202/265-0710
E-mail: centereast@aol.com
Close-Up Foundation
44 Canal Center Plaza
Alexandria, Virginia 22314-2167 U.S.A.
Toll-free telephone: 800-CLOSE-UP/TTY: 800-336-2167
Constitutional Rights Foundation
601 S. Kingsley Drive
Los Angeles, California 90005 U.S.A.
Telephone: 213/487-5590
FAX: 213/386-0459
E-mail: crf@crf-usa.org
Constitutional Rights Foundation Chicago
407 S. Dearborn
Suite 1700
Chicago, Illinois 60605 U.S.A.
Telephone: 312/663-9057 and 800/801-9933
FAX: 312/663-4321
E-mail: crfc@crfc.org
Council for Citizenship Education
Russell Sage College
45 Ferry Street
Troy, New York 12180 U.S.A.
Telephone: 518/270-2363
FAX: 518/270-3125
E-mail: schecs@sage.edu
Mershon Center
The Ohio State University
1501 Neil Avenue
Columbus, Ohio 43201-2602 U.S.A.
Telephone: 614/292-1681
FAX: 614/292-2407
E-mail: remy.2@osu.edu
Project LEGAL
Syracuse, New York U.S.A.
Telephone: 888/443-4720
FAX: 315/443-5451
E-mail: jajcarro@mailbox.syr.edu
Street Law, Inc.
918 16th St. NW, # 602
Washington, DC 20006
Telephone: 202-293-0088
FAX: 202-293-0089
E-mail: cpeyrone@streetlaw.org
Conflict Resolution/Management
Educators for Social Responsibility/Resolving Conflict Creatively Program
23 Garden Street
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 U.S.A.
Telephone: 617/492-1764
Current Events
Newspapers in Education (NIE)
Newspaper Association of America Foundation
1921 Gallows Road, Suite 600
Vienna, Virginia 22182 U.S.A.
Telephone: 703/902-1730
FAX: 703/902-1736 or 703/902-1735
E-mail: abboj@naa.org
Economics
National Association of Economic Educators
Foundation for Teaching Economics
260 Russell Boulevard, Suite B
Davis, California 95616-3839 U.S.A.
Telephone: 530/757-4630
FAX: 530/757-4636
E-mail: fte4efl@aol.com
National Council on Economic Education
1140 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10036 U.S.A.
Telephone: 212/730-7007 Toll-free: 800/338-1192
FAX: 212/737-1773
E-mail: ncee@eaglobal.org
Geography
Association of American Geographers (AAG)
1710 16th Street N.W.
Washington, DC 20009-3198 U.S.A.
Telephone: (202) 234-1450
FAX: 202-234-2744
E-mail: gaia@aag.org
American Geographical Society (AGS)
120 Wall Street, Suite 100
New York, New York 10005-3904 U.S.A.
Telephone: 212/422-5456
FAX: 212/422-5480
National Council for Geographic Education
Indiana University of Pennsylvania
16A Leonard Hall
Indiana, Pennsylvania 15705 U.S.A.
Telephone: 412/357-6290
FAX: 412/357-7708
E-mail: clmccard@grove.iup.edu
National Geographic Society
1145 17th St. NW
Washington, D.C. 20036 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/857-7000
FAX: 202/828-6667
E-mail: askngs@nationalgeographic.com
National Geographic Society--Education
American Forum for Global Education
45 John St., Suite 908
New York, New York 10038 U.S.A.
Telephone/FAX: 212/791-4132
E-mail: globaled@igc.org
Center for the Study of Global Change
Indiana University
201 North Indiana Avenue
Bloomington, Indiana 47405 U.S.A.
Telephone: 812/855-0756
FAX: 812/855-6271
Center for Teaching International Relations
Graduate School of International Studies
University of Denver
2201 S. Gaylord Street
Denver, Colorado 80208 U.S.A.
Telephone: 303/871-3106
FAX: 303/871-2906
E-mail: mmontgom@du.edu
Choices for the 21st Century Education Project
Thomas J. Watson Jr. Institute for International Studies
P.O. Box 1948
Providence, Rhode Island 02912-1948 U.S.A.
Telephone: 401/863-3155
FAX: 401/863-1247
E-mail: choices@brown.edu
Foreign Policy Association
470 Park Avenue South
New York, New York 10016-6819 U.S.A.
Telephone: 212/481-8100
FAX: 212/481-9275 or 212/481-9276
E-mail: info@fpa.org
Human Rights USA Resource Center
310 Fourth Avenue South, Suite 100
Minneapolis, MN 55415 U.S.A.
Telephone: 888/HREDUC8
E-mail: hrusa@tc.umn.edu
PIER (Programs in International Educational Resources)
PIER-Yale University
P.O. Box 208206
New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8206 U.S.A.
Telephone: (203) 432-9349
E-mail: Pier.Resource@quickmail.yale.edu
SPICE (Stanford Program on International and Cross-Cultural Education)
Stanford University
Littlefield Center, Room 14C
Stanford, California 94305-5013 U.S.A.
Telephone: 415/723-1114 Toll-free: 800/578-1114
FAX: 415/723-6784
E-mail: spice.sales@forsythe.stanford.edu
United States Institute of Peace
1200 17th Street NW, Suite 200
Washington, D.C. 20036-3006 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/457-1700
History
American Association for State and Local History (AASLH)
530 Church Street, Suite 600
Nashville, Tennessee 37219-2325 U.S.A.
Telephone: 615/255-2971
FAX: 615/255-2979
E-mail: aaslh@aaslh.org
American Historical Association
400 A St. SE
Washington, D.C. 20003 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/544-2422
FAX: 202/544-8307
E-mail: aha@aha.msu.edu
National Council on Public History
327 Cavanaugh Hall-IUPUI
425 University Boulevard
Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5140 U.S.A.
Telephone: 317/274-2716
FAX: 317/274-2347
E-mail: ncph@iupui.edu
National History Education Network
Carnegie Mellon University
Department of History, BH240
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-3890 U.S.A.
Telephone: 412-268-1143
FAX: 412-268-1019
E-mail: ll1j@andrew.cmu.edu
Organization of American Historians
112 Bryan Street
Bloomington, Indiana, 47408 U.S.A.
Telephone: 812/855-7311
FAX: 812/855-0696
E-mail: oah@oah.indiana.edu
Society for History Education
California State University, Long Beach
Long Beach, California 90840 U.S.A.
Telephone: 310/985-1653
FAX: 310/985-5431
World History Association
P.O. Box 816
Aspen, Colorado 81612 U.S.A.
E-mail: roupp@csn.net
National Center for History in the Schools
UCLA
Department of History
405 Hilgard Avenue
Los Angeles, California 90095-1473 U.S.A.
FAX: 310/267-2103
E-mail: gnash@ucla.edu
The National Council for History Education
26915 Westwood Road, Suite B-2
Westlake, Ohio 44145 U.S.A.
Telephone: 216/835-1776
FAX: 216/835-1295
E-mail: NCHE19@mail.idt.net
Oral History Association
Dickinson College
P.O. Box 1773
Carlisle, PA 17013 U.S.A.
Telephone: 717/245-1036
FAX: 717/245-1046
E-mail: oha@dickinson.edu
Multicultural Education
American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC)
4201 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 300
Washington, D.C. 20008 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/244-2990
FAX: 202/244-3196
E-mail: adc@adc.org
Anti-Defamation League
823 United Nations Plaza
New York, NY 10017 U.S.A.
E-mail: webmaster@adl.org
Asia Society/AskAsia
Asia Society
725 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10021-5088 U.S.A.
Telephone: 212/288-6400
FAX: 212/517-8315
AskAsia (for K-12 educators and students )
Telephone: 800/ASK-ASIA
FAX: 888/FAX-ASIA
E-mail: robertas@asiasoc.org
Assembly of Turkish American Associations (ATTA)
1601 Connecticut Avenue, NW
Suite 303
Washington, DC 20009 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/483-9090
FAX: 202/483-9092
E-mail: ataaoffice@aol.com
Association for Asian Studies
1021 East Huron Street
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104 U.S.A.
Telephone: 734/665-2490
FAX: 734/665-3801
AWAIR (Arab World and Islamic Resources and School Services)
1865 Euclid Ave., Suite 4
Berkeley, California 94709 U.S.A.
Telephone: 510/704-0517
FAX: 510/704-0741
E-mail: awair@igc.apc.org
Middle East Outreach Council
National Multicultural Institute
3000 Connecticut Avenue, NW
Suite 438
Washington, D.C. 20008 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/483-0700
FAX: 202/483-5233
E-mail: nmci@nmci.org
Music
International Society for Music Education
ISME International Office
ICRME
University of Reading
Bulmershe Court
Reading, RG6 1HY
United Kingdom
Telephone: +44-118-931 8846
FAX: +44-118-931 8846 or + 44-118-935 2080
E-mail: e.smith@reading.ac.uk
World Wide Web: http://www.isme.org/
Music Educators National Conference
1806 Robert Fulton Dr.
Reston, Virginia 22091 U.S.A.
Telephone: 703/860-4000 Toll-free: 800/336-3768
FAX: 703/860-1531
E-mail: mbmenc@aol.com
Music Teachers National Association (MTNA)
441 Vine St., Suite 505
Cincinnati, Ohio 45202-2814 U.S.A.
Telephone: (513) 421-1420
FAX: (513) 421-2503
E-mail: MTNAadmin@aol.com
American Music Conference (AMC)
5790 Armada Drive
Carlsbad, California 92008 U.S.A.
Telephone: 619/431-9124
FAX: 619/438-7327
E-mail: info@amc-music.com
Political Science
American Political Science Association
1527 New Hampshire Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036-1206 U.S.A.
Telephone: 202/483-2512
FAX: 202/483-2657
Psychology
The Society for the Teaching of Psychology (STP)
Teachers of Psychology in Secondary Schools (TOPSS)
American Psychological Association
Education Directorate
750 First St., N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20002-4242 U.S.A.
Native Americans